CURRICULUM | SCIENCE | TECHNOLOGY | ENGINEERING | MATH
“Sometimes it is the people no one can imagine anything of, who do the things no one can imagine.” - Alan Turing
CHANGING STATES
DAY 1
WARM-UP (7 MIN)
In your notebook, always include the date, the lesson title, and do the warm-up task associated to that date.
Task: *Complete the Musical Warm-Up: "What is that?"*
WARM-UP DISCUSSION (3 MIN)
*How does snow always appear on the tops of mountains?*
LAB: *THE CAUSE OF CHANGING STATES* (15 MIN)
In your notebook, always include the date, the lesson title, and do the warm-up task associated to that date. FOR LABS, IF NO SHEET IS PROVIDED, YOU MUST RECORD STEP TITLES AND YOUR ANSWERS IN YOUR SCIENCE NOTEBOOK
Purpose: Students must understand how temperature and molecular motion work before they understand why states of matter change.
Materials:
Ice
4 250mL Beakers
Water
Food Coloring
Hot Plate
Ivory Soap
Thermometer
Paper Plate
2 Pipettes
Timer
Procedure:
STEP 1: SOAP AND ENERGY: Take a bar of Ivory Soap and examine its physical properties. Write them in your science notebook. Then Microwave the soap (on the paper plate) for 1 minute on high. Examine the soap after being microwaved. Draw the before and after picture of the soap in your science notebook.
STEP 2: PREPPING HOT RED WATER and COLD BLUE WATER: Add blue food coloring to 200 mL of water with plenty of ice in it. Get another beaker of 200mL of water and heat it up with a hot plate to near boiling. Add 10 drops of red food coloring to the water. Record the temperature of the hot red water and the cold blue water. In two more beakers add 200mL of room temperature (or a medium temperature) water. Draw all four beakers. Label them (how you would want to) and add temperatures to them.
STEP 3: MOLECULAR BEHAVIOR: Add 10 drops of Cold Blue water to the center of a room temperature beaker. Record the time it takes for the blue to hit the walls of the beaker. Make sure you label that your time recording is for the blue water. Then add 10 drops of Red Hot water to the center of the other room temperature beaker. Record the time it takes for the red to hit the walls of the beaker. Make sure you label that your time recording is for the red water.
STEP 4: THE THERMOMETER: Draw a picture of a standard thermometer. DO NOT INCLUDE THE RED LIQUID YET. Draw the kind with the red liquid bulb at the bottom and the tube going up. Draw a second thermometer next to the first one of the exact same size. The same rules apply. Draw atoms moving fast in the first thermometer. Draw the same number of atoms moving in the second thermometer, but make them move slow. Label one thermometer hot and label one thermometer cold. Why did you label them the way you did? Explain why the red in the thermometer goes up when it's hot.
THE NOTES: DAY 1 VOCABULARY (10 MIN)
*Write these down in your notebooks!*
Melting - the change in state from a solid to a liquid
Melting Point - the specific temperature at which melting occurs
Freezing - the change of state from liquid to solid
Vaporization - the change in state from a liquid to a gas
Evaporation - vaporization that takes place only on the surface of a liquid
Boiling - vaporization that occurs when a liquid changes to a gas below its surface as well as at the surface
Boiling Point - the specific temperature at which a liquid boils
Condensation - the change in state from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation - sublimation occurs when the surface particles of a solid gain enough energy that they form a gas
KEY CONCEPT - At its melting point, the particles of a solid substance are vibrating so fast that they break free from their fixed positions.
KEY CONCEPT - At its freezing temperature, the particles of a liquid are moving so slowly that they begin to form regular patterns.
KEY CONCEPT - Vaporization takes place when the particles in a liquid gain enough energy to form a gas.
KEY CONCEPT - Condensation occurs when particles in a gas lose enough thermal energy to for a liquid.
KEY CONCEPT - During sublimation, particles of a solid do not pass through the liquid state as they form a gas.
EVALUATION (10 MIN)
We'll wrap it up here with today's assessment in your learning management system. Feel free to study your notes and/or the videos below. We always recommend viewing the videos the night before the lesson.